Abstract: The purpose of these Guidelines is to provide a framework for conduct and decision-making for workers involved in the many complex activities associated with Indigenous Ecological Knowledge (IEK) and Natural Resource Management (NRM) in the Northern Territory. These Guidelines have been developed to help ensure that Indigenous Cultural and Intellectual Property (ICIP) rights are recognised and managed in accordance with key ethical principles. These include respect, free prior and informed consent and basic fairness towards those who hold knowledge. There are four parts to these Guidelines, including this Introduction. Part 2 outlines definitions and provides the context for use of the Guidelines. Part 3, which can be detached and used separately, comprises the Guidelines themselves. In the Guidelines a range of principles and practical steps have been outlined to better understand and work with IEK. The Stages of IEK Management outlined in Part 3 of this report (p16-25) offer a step-by-step approach to the (1) Collection; (2) Storage and Access; (3) Acknowledgement and Due Credit; and (4) Repatriation of IEK. The Guidelines are intended to enable, but not override, Aboriginal community-level decision-making and governance processes and the local protocols that are already in place for some Aboriginal communities, NRM organisations and regional representative bodies. The development of local protocols and research agreements are encouraged and the principles and practices within these Guidelines are intended to provide a guiding framework; an architecture for compliance for all researchers regardless of experience.