Abstract: The Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies (AIATSIS) Code of Ethics for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Research is informed by the recognition of and respect for the rights of Indigenous1 peoples as articulated in the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.2 As such, AIATSIS recognises that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples have the right to be fully engaged in any processes, projects and activities that may impact on them. The AIATSIS Code outlines four principles that underpin ethical Australian Indigenous research; these are: Indigenous self-determination, Indigenous leadership, impact and value, and sustainability and accountability. Each principle frames a set of responsibilities for researchers, institutions and review bodies when conducting Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander research. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander research includes all research that impacts on or is of particular significance to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, including the planning, collection, analysis and dissemination of information or knowledge, in any format or medium, which is about, or may affect, Indigenous peoples, either collectively or individually. The AIATSIS Code sets national standards for the ethical and responsible conduct of all Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander research, across all disciplines and methodologies. It is for use by those undertaking research, reviewing research or funding research, including individuals, universities, governments, industry and community organisations. This Code is consistent with and supports the Australian Code for the Responsible Conduct of Research and the National Statement on Ethical Conduct in Human Research.3 It provides guidance on the application of those standards in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander research. The AIATSIS Code is issued pursuant to AIATSIS’ legislative function to provide leadership in ethics. Compliance with this Code is required for all research funded by or undertaken under the auspices of AIATSIS, the Australian Research Council (ARC) and the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC), and other institutions or bodies that have adopted the AIATSIS Code.