Abstract: In April 2002, the Council of Australian Governments commissioned the Steering Committee to produce a regular report against key indicators of Indigenous disadvantage. This report has an important long-term objective. It is to inform Australian governments about whether policy programs and interventions are achieving positive outcomes for Indigenous people. This will help guide where further work is needed. The latest edition of the report, Overcoming Indigenous Disadvantage: Key Indicators 2011, was released on 25 August 2011. Previous editions were published in 2003, 2005, 2007 and 2009.