Abstract: In 2010, the population of the Gascoyne Health District was 10,016 people (males 52.9%) (0.4% of the state's population). The age-structure differs from that of the population of Western Australia (WA) by having a larger percentage of children aged 0 to 9 years and people aged 30 to 39 years, and a lower proportion of young people aged 15 to 29 years. By 2020, the population of the Gascoyne Health District is expected to increase by 25.5% to 12,573 people In 2009, Aboriginal people accounted for 16.9% of the population of the Gascoyne Health District, which was greater than the state average (3.3%). When lifestyle and psycho-social risk factors were examined, the number of people who drink at risky/high risk levels for long term harm was found to be higher in the Gascoyne Health District compared with the state. There were no self-reported doctor-diagnosed health conditions that were significantly higher in the Gascoyne Health District compared with the state, although a couple were significantly lower. There were no significant differences in the Gascoyne Health District regarding the use of hospital services in the last year compared with the state.