Abstract: This study reviews the environmental changes that have occurred in Australia since European settlement. It discusses the history of changing attitudes towards the natural environment in Australia and the problems of assessing change. Contents 1. Changing Views of the Australian Environment 2. Assessing Changes in the Australian Environment since 1788 3. The Effects of Agriculture 4. Forestry and Its Impacts 5. Mining 6. Marine and Coastal Environments 7. Urbanisation and Its Effects 8. Water Supply and Use 9. Nature Conservation