Abstract: This chapter looks at racism. Most participants in this study reported that awareness of their distinct identity as a First Nations person, and tension engendered by the dissonance between their own worldview and that normalised within the school, was a constant at boarding school. For them, ethnic and racial stereotypes, internalised or externally imposed, meant that they felt ‘different’ at school. In many instances, this intersected with awareness that their background was materi-ally disadvantaged relative to their affluent middle-class peers. For many, implicit in their descriptions of difference was an assumption of inferiority that challenged their sense of self, and was a burden which in many cases became more onerous over time. This chapter begins by defining what is meant by racism and the notion of ‘culture’ before going on to present findings on how participants described encountering racism at three different levels: interpersonal, internalised, and institutional.