Effectiveness of a health belief model intervention using a lay health advisor strategy on mouth self-examination and cancer screening in remote aboriginal communities: A randomized controlled trial

Effectiveness of a health belief model intervention using a lay health advisor strategy on mouth self-examination and cancer screening in remote aboriginal communities: A randomized controlled trial Journal Article

Patient Education and Counseling

• Author(s): Lee, H., Ho, P. S., Wang, W. C., Hu, C. Y., Lee, C. H., Huang, H. L.
• Published: 2019
• Volume: 102
• ISBN: 0738-3991

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Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Oral cancers caused by chewing betel nuts have a poor prognosis. Using a lay health advisor (LHA) can increase access to health care among underprivileged populations. This study evaluated a health belief model (HBM) intervention using LHAs for oral cancer screening (OCS) and mouth self-examination (MSE) in remote aboriginal communities. METHODS: The participants were randomly assigned to intervention (IG; n = 171) and control groups (CG; n = 176). In the IG, participants received a three-chapter one-on-one teaching course from LHAs, whereas those in the CG received only a leaflet. RESULTS: The IG participants were 2.04 times more likely to conduct a monthly MSE than those in the CG (95% confidence interval: 1.31-3.17) and showed significantly higher self-efficacy levels toward OSC and MSE (β = 0.53 and 0.44, effect size = 0.33 and 0.25, respectively) and a lower barrier level for OSC (β = -1.81, effect size = -0.24). CONCLUSION: The LHA intervention had a significantly positive effect on MSE, strengthening self-efficacy and reducing barriers to OCS among aboriginal populations. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: The effectiveness of the clinical treatment of underprivileged group can be improved through early diagnosis, which can be achieved using LHAs to reduce barriers to OSC.

• Urls: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31300183/
• Keywords: Adult, Aged, Australia, Community Health Workers/organization & administration/*psychology, Early Detection of Cancer/*methods, Female, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Health Promotion/*methods, Health Services Accessibility, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Mouth Neoplasms/*diagnosis, Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander/*psychology, Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care, Patient Education as Topic/*methods, Program Evaluation, Self Efficacy, Self-Examination, Vulnerable Populations, *Health belief model, *Health promotion intervention, *Lay health advisor, *Oral cancer