Abstract: This chapter provides the following sub-sections: (1) protocols for communication (2) management for our land, our mother (3) Aboriginal land and sea ownership (4) contemporary Aboriginal land management (5) Aboriginal site management The author is a Koori and has been a government officer in NSW and opens this chapter by explaining the importance of governments providing land management advice, education, and practical assistance to indigenous people in order to help them be landowners with cultural significance. The government needs to be aware that (a) culture and natural environment are inseparable (b) and need to understand how Aboriginal social structures and cultural protocols operate in relation to land.