Abstract: The Australian bushfood industry is very much based on traditional knowledge, however few Aboriginal people appear to be sharing in the benefits that arise from its activities and the value of their traditional bushfood knowledge and skills is largely undervalued. This study aims to increase opportunities for Aboriginal communities in Central Australia to benefit from involvement in bushfoods industries by developing effective and reliable systems for cultivating selected bushfood species and harvesting, handling, transporting and storing their produce, and to help ensure long-term viability of bushfood enterprises in Central Australia by investigating social, economic and ecological sustainability of cultivation and wild harvest of bushfood species and developing protocols for monitoring these factors.