Abstract: Geographic extent: Northern Australia was broadly defined as including Torres Strait Islands, Cape York and Far North Queensland, the Gulf Country, the Top End (roughly comprising the jurisdiction of the Northern Land Council, the Tiwi Land Council and the Anindilyakwa Land Council) and the Kimberley region. A few references from the Pilbara region of Western Australia are also included along with one or two references from Central Australia as well as a number of references with nationwide geographic coverage. Subject extent: The general rule followed was that references needed to directly address the indigenous people / environment (country) relationship, particularly, but not exclusively, in the context of contemporary resource management practices. Searches were made under terms such as ‘indigenous fire management’, ‘traditional bush medicine’, Aboriginal environmental knowledge’, ‘Aboriginal resources’ and so on. Therefore anthropological studies that primarily described indigenous kinship relationships, even if they discussed them in relation to land ownership patterns, were generally excluded. Otherwise, the final result would have been to make the bibliography top-heavy with references more relevant to land claim research than to indigenous ecological knowledge research.