Abstract: There are stark health differentials between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people live 10 years less than the national average—15 years less for those in remote communities—mostly due to the high incidence and early onset of chronic conditions such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. As the theme leader in Aboriginal Health Equity at the South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI) and professor of medicine at the University of Adelaide (both in Adelaide, SA), Alex Brown's mission is to understand this grim reality in order to change it.